//Created by libAntimony v2.4 model espinosa_1998__environment(time_) // Variable initializations: time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__membrane(V, R, T, F, time_, i_K1, i_to, i_K, i_Ca_L_K_cyt, i_Ca_L_K_ds, i_NaK, i_Na, i_b_Na, i_Ca_L_Na_cyt, i_Ca_L_Na_ds, i_NaCa_cyt, i_NaCa_ds, i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt, i_Ca_L_Ca_ds, i_b_Ca, i_b_K) // Assignment Rules: i_Stim := piecewise( stim_amplitude , (( geq(time_, stim_start)) && (time_ <= stim_end) && ((time_ - stim_start) - floor((time_ - stim_start) / stim_period) * stim_period <= stim_duration )), 0 ); // Rate Rules: V' = (-(1) / Cm) * (i_Stim + i_K1 + i_to + i_K + i_NaK + i_Na + i_b_Na + i_Ca_L_Na_cyt + i_Ca_L_Na_ds + i_NaCa_cyt + i_NaCa_ds + i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt + i_Ca_L_Ca_ds + i_Ca_L_K_cyt + i_Ca_L_K_ds + i_b_Ca + i_b_K); // Variable initializations: V = -85.35765; R = 8314.472; T = 310; F = 96485.3415; Cm = 9.5e-5; time_ = ; i_K1 = ; i_to = ; i_K = ; i_Ca_L_K_cyt = ; i_Ca_L_K_ds = ; i_NaK = ; i_Na = ; i_b_Na = ; i_Ca_L_Na_cyt = ; i_Ca_L_Na_ds = ; i_NaCa_cyt = ; i_NaCa_ds = ; i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt = ; i_Ca_L_Ca_ds = ; i_b_Ca = ; i_b_K = ; stim_start = 0.02; stim_end = 9; stim_period = 0.5; stim_duration = 0.002; stim_amplitude = -1.8; end model espinosa_1998__reversal_potentials(E_Na, E_K, E_Ca, E_mh, K_o, Na_o, K_i, Na_i, Ca_o, Ca_i, R, F, T, time_) // Assignment Rules: E_Na := ((R * T) / F) * ln(Na_o / Na_i); E_K := ((R * T) / F) * ln(K_o / K_i); E_Ca := ((0.5 * R * T) / F) * ln(Ca_o / Ca_i); E_mh := ((R * T) / F) * ln((Na_o + 0.12 * K_o) / (Na_i + 0.12 * K_i)); // Variable initializations: K_o = ; Na_o = ; K_i = ; Na_i = ; Ca_o = ; Ca_i = ; R = ; F = ; T = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__time_independent_potassium_current(i_K1, K_mk1, K_o, V, E_K, R, F, T, time_) // Assignment Rules: i_K1 := (((g_K1 * K_o) / (K_o + K_mk1)) * (V - E_K)) / (1 + exp((((V - E_K) + 10) * F * 1.67) / (R * T))); // Variable initializations: K_mk1 = 10; g_K1 = 0.12; K_o = ; V = ; E_K = ; R = ; F = ; T = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__time_dependent_potassium_current_x_gate(x, time_, V) // Assignment Rules: alpha_x := piecewise( 2.5 , abs(E0_x) < delta_x , (3 * 0.5 * E0_x) / (1 - exp(- E0_x / 5)) ); beta_x := piecewise( 2.5 , abs(E0_x) < delta_x , (3 * 0.178 * E0_x) / (exp(E0_x / 15) - 1) ); E0_x := (V + 22) - 40; // Rate Rules: x' = alpha_x * (1 - x) - beta_x * x; // Variable initializations: x = 3.5095e-6; time_ = ; V = ; delta_x = 0.0001; end model espinosa_1998__time_dependent_potassium_current(i_K, time_, V, R, F, T, K_i, K_o, x) // Sub-modules, and any changes to those submodules: time_dependent_potassium_current_x_gate: espinosa_1998__time_dependent_potassium_current_x_gate(x, time_, V); // Assignment Rules: i_K := x * I_K; I_K := (i_K_max * (K_i - K_o * exp((- V * F) / (R * T)))) / 140; // Variable initializations: i_K_max = 1.5; R = ; F = ; T = ; K_i = ; K_o = ; end model espinosa_1998__fast_sodium_current_m_gate(m, V, time_) // Assignment Rules: alpha_m := piecewise( 2000 , abs(E0_m) < delta_m , (200 * E0_m) / (1 - exp(-(0.1) * E0_m)) ); beta_m := 8000 * exp(-(0.056) * (V + 66)); E0_m := V + 41; // Rate Rules: m' = alpha_m * (1 - m) - beta_m * m; // Variable initializations: m = 0.00448; V = ; time_ = ; delta_m = 1e-5; end model espinosa_1998__fast_sodium_current_h_gate(h, V, time_) // Assignment Rules: alpha_h := 20 * exp(-(0.125) * ((V + 75) - shift_h)); beta_h := 2000 / (1 + 320 * exp(-(0.1) * ((V + 75) - shift_h))); // Rate Rules: h' = alpha_h * (1 - h) - beta_h * h; // Variable initializations: h = 0.9704; shift_h = 0; V = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__fast_sodium_current(i_Na, E_mh, time_, V, m, h) // Sub-modules, and any changes to those submodules: fast_sodium_current_m_gate: espinosa_1998__fast_sodium_current_m_gate(m, V, time_); fast_sodium_current_h_gate: espinosa_1998__fast_sodium_current_h_gate(h, V, time_); // Assignment Rules: i_Na := g_Na * power(m, 3) * h * (V - E_mh); // Variable initializations: g_Na = 0.6; E_mh = ; end model espinosa_1998__sodium_background_current(i_b_Na, Na_i, E_Na, time_, V) // Assignment Rules: i_b_Na := g_bna * (V - E_Na); // Variable initializations: g_bna = 0.0001; Na_i = ; E_Na = ; time_ = ; V = ; end model espinosa_1998__potassium_background_current(i_b_K, E_K, time_, V) // Assignment Rules: i_b_K := g_bk * (V - E_K); // Variable initializations: g_bk = 0.004; E_K = ; time_ = ; V = ; end model espinosa_1998__L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate(d, V, time_) // Assignment Rules: alpha_d := piecewise( 120 , abs(E0_d) < 0.0001 , (30 * E0_d) / (1 - exp(- E0_d / 3)) ); beta_d := piecewise( 120 , abs(E0_d) < 0.0001 , (12 * E0_d) / (exp(E0_d / 7.5) - 1) ); E0_d := (V + 24) - 20; // Rate Rules: d' = speed_d * (alpha_d * (1 - d) - beta_d * d); // Variable initializations: d = 4.171e-12; V = ; time_ = ; speed_d = 10; end model espinosa_1998__L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate(f, V, time_) // Assignment Rules: alpha_f := piecewise( 25 , abs(E0_f) < delta_f , (6.25 * E0_f) / (exp(E0_f / 5.5) - 1) ); beta_f := 12 / (1 + exp((-(1) * (V + 34)) / 5.5)); E0_f := (V + 34) - 10; // Rate Rules: f' = speed_f * (alpha_f * (1 - f) - beta_f * f); // Variable initializations: f = 0.999997; V = ; time_ = ; speed_f = 2; delta_f = 0.0001; end model espinosa_1998__L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate(f2, Km_f2, Ca_i, V, time_) // Rate Rules: f2' = 1 - 1 * (Ca_i / (Km_f2 + Ca_i) + f2); // Variable initializations: f2 = 0.99279; Km_f2 = ; Ca_i = ; V = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate(f2ds, Km_f2ds, R_decay, Ca_ds, V, time_) // Rate Rules: f2ds' = R_decay * (1 - (Ca_ds / (Km_f2ds + Ca_ds) + f2ds)); // Variable initializations: f2ds = 0.459; Km_f2ds = ; R_decay = ; Ca_ds = ; V = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__L_type_Ca_channel(i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt, i_Ca_L_K_cyt, i_Ca_L_Na_cyt, i_Ca_L_Ca_ds, i_Ca_L_K_ds, i_Ca_L_Na_ds, i_Ca_L, Ca_o, Ca_i, Ca_ds, K_o, K_i, Na_o, Na_i, R, F, T, time_, V, d, f, f2, f2ds, Km_f2, Km_f2ds, R_decay) // Sub-modules, and any changes to those submodules: L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate: espinosa_1998__L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate(d, V, time_); L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate: espinosa_1998__L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate(f, V, time_); L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate: espinosa_1998__L_type_Ca_channel_f2_gate(f2, Km_f2, Ca_i, V, time_); L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate: espinosa_1998__L_type_Ca_channel_f2ds_gate(f2ds, Km_f2ds, R_decay, Ca_ds, V, time_); // Assignment Rules: i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt := ((((1 - FrICa) * 4 * P_Ca_L * d * f * f2 * (V - 50) * F) / (R * T)) / (1 - exp((-(V - 50) * F * 2) / (R * T)))) * (Ca_i * exp((100 * F) / (R * T)) - Ca_o * exp((-(V - 50) * F * 2) / (R * T))); i_Ca_L_K_cyt := ((((1 - FrICa) * P_CaK * P_Ca_L * d * f * f2 * (V - 50) * F) / (R * T)) / (1 - exp((-(V - 50) * F) / (R * T)))) * (K_i * exp((50 * F) / (R * T)) - K_o * exp((-(V - 50) * F) / (R * T))); i_Ca_L_Na_cyt := ((((1 - FrICa) * P_CaNa * P_Ca_L * d * f * f2 * (V - 50) * F) / (R * T)) / (1 - exp((-(V - 50) * F) / (R * T)))) * (Na_i * exp((50 * F) / (R * T)) - Na_o * exp((-(V - 50) * F) / (R * T))); i_Ca_L_Ca_ds := (((FrICa * 4 * P_Ca_L * d * f * f2ds * (V - 50) * F) / (R * T)) / (1 - exp((-(V - 50) * F * 2) / (R * T)))) * (Ca_i * exp((100 * F) / (R * T)) - Ca_o * exp((-(V - 50) * F * 2) / (R * T))); i_Ca_L_K_ds := (((FrICa * P_CaK * P_Ca_L * d * f * f2ds * (V - 50) * F) / (R * T)) / (1 - exp((-(V - 50) * F) / (R * T)))) * (K_i * exp((50 * F) / (R * T)) - K_o * exp((-(V - 50) * F) / (R * T))); i_Ca_L_Na_ds := (((FrICa * P_CaNa * P_Ca_L * d * f * f2ds * (V - 50) * F) / (R * T)) / (1 - exp((-(V - 50) * F) / (R * T)))) * (Na_i * exp((50 * F) / (R * T)) - Na_o * exp((-(V - 50) * F) / (R * T))); i_Ca_L := i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt + i_Ca_L_K_cyt + i_Ca_L_Na_cyt + i_Ca_L_Ca_ds + i_Ca_L_K_ds + i_Ca_L_Na_ds; // Variable initializations: P_Ca_L = 0.045; P_CaK = 0.003; P_CaNa = 0.01; Ca_o = ; K_o = ; K_i = ; Na_o = ; Na_i = ; R = ; F = ; T = ; Km_f2 = 100000; Km_f2ds = 0.001; R_decay = 20; FrICa = 1; end model espinosa_1998__calcium_background_current(i_b_Ca, E_Ca, time_, V) // Assignment Rules: i_b_Ca := g_bca * (V - E_Ca); // Variable initializations: g_bca = 0.00025; E_Ca = ; time_ = ; V = ; end model espinosa_1998__transient_outward_current_s_gate(s, V, time_) // Assignment Rules: alpha_s := 0.26 * 0.033 * exp(- V / 14.875); beta_s := (0.26 * 33) / (1 + exp(-(V + 10) / 7)); // Rate Rules: s' = alpha_s * (1 - s) - beta_s * s; // Variable initializations: s = 0.9379; V = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__transient_outward_current_r_gate(r, V, time_) // Rate Rules: r' = 333 * (1 / (1 + exp(-((V + 4) - 24) / 10)) - r); // Variable initializations: r = 2.6578e-5; V = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__transient_outward_current(i_to, E_K, V, time_, s, r) // Sub-modules, and any changes to those submodules: transient_outward_current_s_gate: espinosa_1998__transient_outward_current_s_gate(s, V, time_); transient_outward_current_r_gate: espinosa_1998__transient_outward_current_r_gate(r, V, time_); // Assignment Rules: i_to := g_to * (g_tos + s * (1 - g_tos)) * r * (V - E_K); // Variable initializations: g_to = 0.048; g_tos = 0.15; E_K = ; end model espinosa_1998__sodium_potassium_pump(i_NaK, K_o, Na_i, time_) // Assignment Rules: i_NaK := (((i_NaK_max * K_o) / (K_mK + K_o)) * Na_i) / (K_mNa + Na_i); // Variable initializations: i_NaK_max = 0.7; K_mK = 1; K_mNa = 40; K_o = ; Na_i = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__sodium_calcium_exchanger(i_NaCa, i_NaCa_cyt, i_NaCa_ds, Na_i, Na_o, Ca_i, Ca_ds, Ca_o, R, F, T, V, time_) // Assignment Rules: i_NaCa := i_NaCa_cyt + i_NaCa_ds; i_NaCa_cyt := ((1 - FRiNaCa) * k_NaCa * (exp((gamma * (n_NaCa - 2) * V * F) / (R * T)) * power(Na_i, n_NaCa) * Ca_o - exp(((gamma - 1) * (n_NaCa - 2) * V * F) / (R * T)) * power(Na_o, n_NaCa) * Ca_i)) / ((1 + d_NaCa * (Ca_i * power(Na_o, n_NaCa) + Ca_o * power(Na_i, n_NaCa))) * (1 + Ca_i / 0.0069)); i_NaCa_ds := (FRiNaCa * k_NaCa * (exp((gamma * (n_NaCa - 2) * V * F) / (R * T)) * power(Na_i, n_NaCa) * Ca_o - exp(((gamma - 1) * (n_NaCa - 2) * V * F) / (R * T)) * power(Na_o, n_NaCa) * Ca_ds)) / ((1 + d_NaCa * (Ca_ds * power(Na_o, n_NaCa) + Ca_o * power(Na_i, n_NaCa))) * (1 + Ca_ds / 0.0069)); // Variable initializations: k_NaCa = 0.0002; n_NaCa = 3; d_NaCa = 0.001; gamma = 0.5; FRiNaCa = 0.001; Na_i = ; Na_o = ; Ca_i = ; Ca_ds = ; Ca_o = ; R = ; F = ; T = ; V = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump(i_up, Ca_i, Ca_up, time_) // Assignment Rules: i_up := (Ca_i / K_2) * alpha_up - ((Ca_up * K_1) / K_2) * beta_up; K_1 := (K_cyca * K_xcs) / K_srca; K_2 := Ca_i + Ca_up * K_1 + K_cyca * K_xcs + K_cyca; // Variable initializations: K_cyca = 0.0003; K_xcs = 0.4; K_srca = 0.5; alpha_up = 0.4; beta_up = 0.03; Ca_i = ; Ca_up = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__calcium_translocation(i_trans, Ca_rel, Ca_up, time_) // Assignment Rules: i_trans := 50 * (Ca_up - Ca_rel); // Variable initializations: Ca_rel = ; Ca_up = ; time_ = ; end model espinosa_1998__calcium_release(i_rel, time_, V, Ca_i, Ca_ds, Ca_rel) // Assignment Rules: i_rel := (power(ActFrac / (ActFrac + 0.25), 2) * K_m_rel + K_leak_rate) * Ca_rel; VoltDep := exp(0.08 * (V - 40)); RegBindSite := CaiReg + (1 - CaiReg) * CadsReg; CaiReg := Ca_i / (Ca_i + K_m_Ca_cyt); CadsReg := Ca_ds / (Ca_ds + K_m_Ca_ds); ActRate := 0 * VoltDep + 500 * power(RegBindSite, 2); InactRate := 60 + 500 * power(RegBindSite, 2); PrecFrac := (1 - ActFrac) - ProdFrac; SpeedRel := piecewise( 5 , V < -(50) , 1 ); // Rate Rules: ActFrac' = PrecFrac * SpeedRel * ActRate - ActFrac * SpeedRel * InactRate; ProdFrac' = ActFrac * SpeedRel * InactRate - SpeedRel * 1 * ProdFrac; // Variable initializations: K_leak_rate = 0.05; K_m_rel = 250; K_m_Ca_cyt = 0.0005; K_m_Ca_ds = 0.01; ActFrac = 0.0112; ProdFrac = 0.9059; time_ = ; V = ; Ca_i = ; Ca_ds = ; Ca_rel = ; end model espinosa_1998__extracellular_sodium_concentration(Na_o) // Variable initializations: Na_o = 148.5; end model espinosa_1998__intracellular_sodium_concentration(Na_i, V_i, time_, F, i_Na, i_b_Na, i_Ca_L_Na_cyt, i_Ca_L_Na_ds, i_NaK, i_NaCa_cyt) // Rate Rules: Na_i' = (-(1) / (1 * V_i * F)) * (i_Na + i_b_Na + 3 * i_NaK + 3 * i_NaCa_cyt + i_Ca_L_Na_cyt + i_Ca_L_Na_ds); // Variable initializations: Na_i = 6.9366; V_i = ; time_ = ; F = ; i_Na = ; i_b_Na = ; i_Ca_L_Na_cyt = ; i_Ca_L_Na_ds = ; i_NaK = ; i_NaCa_cyt = ; end model espinosa_1998__extracellular_calcium_concentration(Ca_o) // Variable initializations: Ca_o = 2.5; end model espinosa_1998__extracellular_potassium_concentration(K_o, V_e, i_K1, i_K, i_Ca_L_K_cyt, i_Ca_L_K_ds, i_to, i_b_K, i_NaK, time_, F) // Rate Rules: K_o' = (1 * (i_K1 + i_to + i_Ca_L_K_cyt + i_Ca_L_K_ds + -(2) * i_NaK + i_K + i_b_K)) / (1 * V_e * F) - pf * (K_o - K_b); // Variable initializations: K_o = 5.3367; K_b = 5.4; pf = 0.7; V_e = ; i_K1 = ; i_K = ; i_Ca_L_K_cyt = ; i_Ca_L_K_ds = ; i_to = ; i_b_K = ; i_NaK = ; time_ = ; F = ; end model espinosa_1998__intracellular_potassium_concentration(K_i, V_i, i_K1, i_K, i_Ca_L_K_cyt, i_Ca_L_K_ds, i_to, i_b_K, i_NaK, time_, F) // Rate Rules: K_i' = (-(1) / (1 * V_i * F)) * ((i_K1 + i_K + i_Ca_L_K_cyt + i_Ca_L_K_ds + i_to + i_b_K) - 2 * i_NaK); // Variable initializations: K_i = 140.096; V_i = ; i_K1 = ; i_K = ; i_Ca_L_K_cyt = ; i_Ca_L_K_ds = ; i_to = ; i_b_K = ; i_NaK = ; time_ = ; F = ; end model espinosa_1998__intracellular_calcium_concentration(Ca_i, Ca_ds, Ca_up, Ca_rel, V_i, V_e, i_up, i_trans, i_rel, i_NaCa_cyt, i_NaCa_ds, i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt, i_Ca_L_Ca_ds, i_b_Ca, F, time_) // Assignment Rules: V_i := V_Cell * V_i_ratio; V_e := V_Cell * V_e_ratio; V_Cell := (3.141592654 * power(radius / 1000, 2) * length) / 1000; V_i_ratio := ((1 - V_e_ratio) - V_up_ratio) - V_rel_ratio; // Rate Rules: Ca_i' = ((((-(1) / (2 * 1 * V_i * F)) * ((i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt + i_b_Ca) - 2 * i_NaCa_cyt) + Ca_ds * V_ds_ratio * Kdecay + (i_rel * V_rel_ratio) / V_i_ratio) - d(Ca_Calmod)/ d(unknown- element)) - d(Ca_Trop)/ d(unknown- element)) - i_up; Ca_ds' = (-(1) * i_Ca_L_Ca_ds) / (2 * V_ds_ratio * 1 * V_i * F) - Ca_ds * Kdecay; Ca_up' = (V_i_ratio / V_up_ratio) * i_up - i_trans; Ca_rel' = (V_up_ratio / V_rel_ratio) * i_trans - i_rel; Ca_Calmod' = alpha_Calmod * Ca_i * (Calmod - Ca_Calmod) - beta_Calmod * Ca_Calmod; Ca_Trop' = alpha_Trop * Ca_i * (Trop - Ca_Trop) - beta_Trop * Ca_Trop; // Variable initializations: Ca_i = 3.792e-5; Ca_ds = 0.00077; Ca_up = 0.3342; Ca_rel = 0.31007; Ca_Calmod = 0.001419; Ca_Trop = 0.000932; Calmod = 0.02; Trop = 0.05; alpha_Calmod = 100000; beta_Calmod = 50; alpha_Trop = 100000; beta_Trop = 200; radius = 12; V_ds_ratio = 0.1; V_rel_ratio = 0.1; V_e_ratio = 0.4; V_up_ratio = 0.01; Kdecay = 10; i_up = ; i_trans = ; i_rel = ; i_NaCa_cyt = ; i_NaCa_ds = ; i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt = ; i_Ca_L_Ca_ds = ; i_b_Ca = ; F = ; time_ = ; d = ; unknown = ; element = ; // Unit definitions: unit length = metre; end model *espinosa_1998____main() // Sub-modules, and any changes to those submodules: environment: espinosa_1998__environment(time_); membrane: espinosa_1998__membrane(V, R, T, F, time_, i_K1, i_to, i_K, i_Ca_L_K_cyt, i_Ca_L_K_ds, i_NaK, i_Na, i_b_Na, i_Ca_L_Na_cyt, i_Ca_L_Na_ds, i_NaCa_cyt, i_NaCa_ds, i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt, i_Ca_L_Ca_ds, i_b_Ca, i_b_K); reversal_potentials: espinosa_1998__reversal_potentials(E_Na, E_K, E_Ca, E_mh, K_o, Na_o, K_i, Na_i, Ca_o, Ca_i, R, F, T, time_); time_independent_potassium_current: espinosa_1998__time_independent_potassium_current(i_K1, K_mk1, K_o, V, E_K, R, F, T, time_); time_dependent_potassium_current: espinosa_1998__time_dependent_potassium_current(i_K, time_, V, R, F, T, K_i, K_o, x); fast_sodium_current: espinosa_1998__fast_sodium_current(i_Na, E_mh, time_, V, m, h); sodium_background_current: espinosa_1998__sodium_background_current(i_b_Na, Na_i, E_Na, time_, V); potassium_background_current: espinosa_1998__potassium_background_current(i_b_K, E_K, time_, V); L_type_Ca_channel: espinosa_1998__L_type_Ca_channel(i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt, i_Ca_L_K_cyt, i_Ca_L_Na_cyt, i_Ca_L_Ca_ds, i_Ca_L_K_ds, i_Ca_L_Na_ds, i_Ca_L, Ca_o, Ca_i, Ca_ds, K_o, K_i, Na_o, Na_i, R, F, T, time_, V, d, f, f2, f2ds, Km_f2, Km_f2ds, R_decay); calcium_background_current: espinosa_1998__calcium_background_current(i_b_Ca, E_Ca, time_, V); transient_outward_current: espinosa_1998__transient_outward_current(i_to, E_K, V, time_, s, r); sodium_potassium_pump: espinosa_1998__sodium_potassium_pump(i_NaK, K_o, Na_i, time_); sodium_calcium_exchanger: espinosa_1998__sodium_calcium_exchanger(i_NaCa, i_NaCa_cyt, i_NaCa_ds, Na_i, Na_o, Ca_i, Ca_ds, Ca_o, R, F, T, V, time_); sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump: espinosa_1998__sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump(i_up, Ca_i, Ca_up, time_); calcium_translocation: espinosa_1998__calcium_translocation(i_trans, Ca_rel, Ca_up, time_); calcium_release: espinosa_1998__calcium_release(i_rel, time_, V, Ca_i, Ca_ds, Ca_rel); extracellular_sodium_concentration: espinosa_1998__extracellular_sodium_concentration(Na_o); intracellular_sodium_concentration: espinosa_1998__intracellular_sodium_concentration(Na_i, V_i, time_, F, i_Na, i_b_Na, i_Ca_L_Na_cyt, i_Ca_L_Na_ds, i_NaK, i_NaCa_cyt); extracellular_calcium_concentration: espinosa_1998__extracellular_calcium_concentration(Ca_o); extracellular_potassium_concentration: espinosa_1998__extracellular_potassium_concentration(K_o, V_e, i_K1, i_K, i_Ca_L_K_cyt, i_Ca_L_K_ds, i_to, i_b_K, i_NaK, time_, F); intracellular_potassium_concentration: espinosa_1998__intracellular_potassium_concentration(K_i, V_i, i_K1, i_K, i_Ca_L_K_cyt, i_Ca_L_K_ds, i_to, i_b_K, i_NaK, time_, F); intracellular_calcium_concentration: espinosa_1998__intracellular_calcium_concentration(Ca_i, Ca_ds, Ca_up, Ca_rel, V_i, V_e, i_up, i_trans, i_rel, i_NaCa_cyt, i_NaCa_ds, i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt, i_Ca_L_Ca_ds, i_b_Ca, F, time_); end